Altarpiece of Hannover Kreuzkirche: The Crucifixion of Christ [central panel]

Altarpiece of Hannover Kreuzkirche: The Crucifixion of Christ [central panel]

Title

Altarpiece of Hannover Kreuzkirche: The Crucifixion of Christ [central panel]

[cda 2012]

Painting on wood

Medium

Painting on wood

[cda 2012]

Oak wood

[Cat. Hannover 1992, 59]

The panel depicts a scene on Calvary with many figures. Christ and the two thieves occupy an area covered by dark clouds in the upper third of the panel. The crosses of the thieves project diagonally into the pictorial space. A group with the three Marys and St John can

The panel depicts a scene on Calvary with many figures. Christ and the two thieves occupy an area covered by dark clouds in the upper third of the panel. The crosses of the thieves project diagonally into the pictorial space. A group with the three Marys and St John can be seen to the left of Christ and in front of them the henchmen gamble for the robe of the crucified. Mary Magdalene has collapsed at the base of the shaft and embracing it in her arms she looks upwards in grief. The right is dominated by a group of men on horseback and soldiers, among them the converted centurion, who looks up at Christ and points upwards like the oriental on a camel. The central third of the painting shows a forest of lances and pikes against the backdrop of a pastel coloured sky.

[Görres, cda 2012]

Attributions
Workshop Lucas Cranach the Elder
Lucas Cranach the Younger

Attributions

Workshop Lucas Cranach the Elder

'The Crucifxion is closer to Cranach' style than the wing panels.' [Friedländer, Rosenberg 1979, no. 377E] [Friedländer, Rosenberg 1932, under no. 302]

Lucas Cranach the Younger

[Exhib. Cat. Berlin 1937, no. 130]

Lucas Cranach the Elder

[Stuttmann 1927/28, 343]

Production dates
about 1530 - 1539
1515 - 1520

Production dates

about 1530 - 1539

"1530er Jahre"
[Cat. Hannover 1992, 63]

1515 - 1520

[Stuttmann 1927/28, 343]

before 1536/37

[van der Osten, Cat. Hannover 1954, No. 60]

about 1546

[Exhib. Cat. Berlin 1937, no. 130]

Dimensions
Dimensions of painted surface: 149 x 95 cm

Dimensions

  • Dimensions of painted surface: 149 x 95 cm

  • Dimensions including frame: 162 x 109 cm

  • [Heydenreich, cda 2012]

Signature / Dating

Artist's insignia on the shaft of christ's cross: winged serpent with elevated wings, facing left; in black paint

Signature / Dating

  • Artist's insignia on the shaft of christ's cross: winged serpent with elevated wings, facing left; in black paint

Inscriptions and Labels
  • on the cross:
    'I.N.R.I.'

Inscriptions and Labels

Inscriptions, Badges:

    • on the cross:
  • 'I.N.R.I.'

Owner
Ev.-Luth. Marktkirchgemeinde Hannover
Repository
Ev.-Luth. Marktkirchgemeinde Hannover
Location
Hannover
CDA ID
DE_KH_NONE-KH002
FR (1978) Nr.
FR377E
Persistent Link
https://lucascranach.org/en/DE_KH_NONE-KH002/

Provenance

  • from the former collegial church (Kollegiatsstiftskirche) St. Alexandri zu Einbeck
  • transferred together with the central panel to the castle church (Schlosskirche) of the Leine palace (Schloss) by Duke Johann Friedrich of Braunschweig-Lüneburg-Hannover during the catholic Interregium of 1675
  • stolen during the french-westfalian usurpation and later returned without the martyrdom scenes on the verso [1]
  • since 1961 on the main altar of the Kreuzkirche, Hannover [2]
    [1] [Cat. Hannover 1992, 59]
    [2] [PDF, accessed 13.01.2021]

Exhibitions

Berlin 1937, no. 130

Literature

Reference on page Catalogue Number Figure / Plate
Sandner 2021 78
AuthorIngo Sandner
TitleDie Werkstattpraxis Lucas Cranach des Älteren
Publicationin Dagmar Täube, ed., Lucas Cranach der Ältere und Hans Kemmer. Meistermaler zwischen Renaissance und Reformation [Lübeck, St. Annen-Museum]
Place of PublicationMunich
Year of Publication2021
Pages71-81
Müller 2008 22
AuthorUlfried Müller
TitleDie Schloß- und Stadtkirche St. Crucis (Kreuzkirche) in Hannover. 675 Jahre Kreuzkirche 1333-2008
Place of PublicationMunich, Berlin
Issue2., neu bearbeitete Auflage
Year of Publication2008
Cat. Hannover 1992 59-63
AuthorMichael Wolfson
TitleNiedersächsisches Landesmuseum Hannover. Die deutschen und niederländischen Gemälde bis 1550
Place of PublicationHannover
Year of Publication1992
Friedländer, Rosenberg 1979 146 377E
AuthorMax J. Friedländer, Jakob Rosenberg
EditorG. Schwartz
TitleDie Gemälde von Lucas Cranach
Place of PublicationBasel, Boston, Stuttgart
Year of Publication1979
Nöldeke 1979 291 191, 195
AuthorArnold Nöldeke
TitleDie Kunstdenkmale der Stadt Hannover. 1. Teil: Denkmäler des "alten" Stadtgebietes Hannover
Place of PublicationOsnabrück
Year of Publication1979
Cat. Hannover 1954 48-49 60
AuthorGert von der Osten
TitleKatalog der Gemälde Alter Meister in der Niedersächsischen Landesgalerie Hannover
Place of PublicationHannover
Year of Publication1954
Exhib. Cat. Berlin 1937 47 130 Pl. 96
EditorStaatliche Museen, Berlin
TitleLucas Cranach d. Ä. und Lucas Cranach d. J. Gemälde, Zeichnungen, Graphik
Place of PublicationBerlin
Year of Publication1937
Friedländer, Rosenberg 1932 85 302
AuthorMax J. Friedländer, Jakob Rosenberg
TitleDie Gemälde von Lucas Cranach
Place of PublicationBerlin
Year of Publication1932
Link http://digi.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/diglit/friedlaender1932
Stuttmann 1927/1928 341-344
AuthorFerdinand Stuttmann
TitleEin übersehener Altar L. Cranachs d. Ae. in Hannover
JournalZeitschrift für bildende Kunst
Issue61
Year of Publication1927
Pages341-344
Flechsig 1900 A 98
AuthorEduard Flechsig
TitleCranachstudien
Volume1
Place of PublicationLeipzig
Year of Publication1900
Link page/n5/mode/2up
Schuchardt 1871 164-166 60
AuthorChristian Schuchardt
TitleLucas Cranach des Aeltern Leben und Werke. Dritter Theil
Place of PublicationLeipzig
Year of Publication1871
Link http://digi.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/diglit/schuchardt1871bd3
  • Altarpiece of Hannover Kreuzkirche: The Crucifixion of Christ [central panel], about 1530 - 1539

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Technical studies

2012Technical examination / Scientific analysis

  • Infrared reflectography
  • irr

Underdrawing

DESCRIPTION

Tools/Materials:

- fluid black medium, brush; a quill may have been employed for details

Type/Ductus:

- detailed and freehand underdrawing

- fine and thin lines to broader lines

- hatching-strokes

Function:

- relatively binding for the final painted version; lines delineate contours and describe the essential details and the facial features; some representation of volume (hatching-strokes)

Deviations:

- alterations made during the painting process to clearly define form; changes (e.g. Lances; camel)

INTERPRETATION

Attribution:

- Lucas Cranach the Elder

[Smith, Sandner, Heydenreich, cda 2012]

  • photographed by Gunnar Heydenreich
  • photographed by Ingo Sandner

Citing from the Cranach Digital Archive

Entry with author
<author's name>, 'Altarpiece of Hannover Kreuzkirche: The Crucifixion of Christ [central panel]', <title of document, data entry or image>. [<Date of document or image>], in: Cranach Digital Archive, https://lucascranach.org/en/DE_KH_NONE-KH002/ (Accessed {{dateAccessed}})
Entry with no author
'Altarpiece of Hannover Kreuzkirche: The Crucifixion of Christ [central panel]', <title of document, data entry or image>. [<Date of document, entry or image>], in: Cranach Digital Archive, https://lucascranach.org/en/DE_KH_NONE-KH002/ (Accessed {{dateAccessed}})

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